The Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM), a statutory body established in 1985 (formerly known as Forest Research Institute or FRI since 1929), promotes ecologically sustainable forestry sector through the conservation of natural resources and environment, sustainable forest management, and the development of efficient downstream and upstream processing and utilisation technology through researches. Provenans tersebut patut digunakan sebagai sumber biji benih dan untuk pembentukan ladang perintis di tapak kajian dan di kawasan lain yang mempunyai persekitaran yang sama. Secara amnya, Ban Nong (negeri Thai), Vietianne (Vietnam), Ban Bo (negeri Thai), Ramanaguda (India) dan Doi Tao (negeri Thai) merupakan provenans terbaik bagi tapak Chamwino Doi Tao (negeri Thai), Ban Bo (negeri Thai), Ban Nong (negeri Thai), Ghaati (India) dan Vietianne (Vietnam) merupakan provenans terbaik untuk tapak Mkundi.
Variasi provenans adalah bererti (p < 0.05) untuk semua ciri yang dikaji kecuali kemandirian. Bilangan dahan, jisim daun serta kepekatan dan kandungan nitrogen daun (N) dan fosforus daun (P) cuma dinilai pada umur 17 tahun sahaja. Kemandirian, diameter akar-kolar (RCD) dan ketinggian diambil pada umur 17 bulan dan 53 bulan. Penilaian dijalankan 17 bulan dan 53 bulan selepas penanaman. Dua ujian untuk menilai prestasi 20 provenans dan satu ras daratan Azadirachta indica (semambu) daripada 10 negara diasaskan pada Januari 1996 di tapak berlainan di Tanzania. These provenances should be used as seed sources and for the establishment of pilot plantations in the respective sites and other areas with similar environmental conditions. Overall, the Ban Nong (Thailand), Vietianne (Vietnam), Ban Bo (Thailand), Ramanaguda (India) and Doi Tao (Thailand) were the best performing provenances for Chamwino site while for Mkundi site, the best performers were Doi Tao (Thailand), Ban Bo (Thailand), Ban Nong (Thailand), Ghaati (India) and Vietianne (Vietnam) provenances. At all assessment occasions except for survival, significant (p < 0.05) variation among the provenances was detected for the tested parameters. Both assessments involved survival, root-collar diameter (RCD) and height while branch number, leaf mass, foliar nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations and contents were assessed at 17 months only.
Assessments were carried out at the ages of 17 and 53 months after field planting. Juss (neem) from 10 countries were established in January 1996 at two contrasting sites in Tanzania. Two trials to evaluate the performance of 20 provenances and one land race of Azadirachta indica A.
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